Theories of motivation maslow and herzberg by durga devi. With a detailed study conducted in 1950s herzberg presented his theory of motivation in relation to job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Motivation theories theory x and theory y theory x in this theory, management assumes employees are inherently lazy and will avoid work if they can theory y in this theory management assumes employees may be ambitious, selfmotivated, anxious to accept greater responsibility, and exercise selfcontrol, selfdirection, autonomy and empowerment. Differentiation included with appropriate scaffolding to assist students in filling in the worksheets which can be used with specific students if desired. Unlike maslows theory, herzbergs motivationhygiene theory claims that job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction result from different causes. Herzbergs two factor theory addresses job satisfaction, outlining two main aspects, hygiene and motivational factors.
Both maslow and herzberg tried to find the different traits which are responsible for motivation. Herzbergs theory is closely related to maslows need hierarchy. This provides univerlistic perspective on work motivation a perspective deem deemphasising individual differences and is derived from maslows work. Maslows need hierarchy which led to mcgregors theory x and theory y and the last theory is herzbergs motivation hygiene theory. Employee morale and motivation conducted by jamie hasty senior consultant p. Content theorists include abraham maslow, clayton p. Theories of motivation content theories maslows hierarchy of needs alderfers erg theory herzbergs two factor theory mcclellands achievement need theory incentive theory esha conference, dubrovnik 2629 october 2014. At the bottom are essential physiological needs such as air, food, shelter and clothing. Comparison of maslow and herzberg theory of motivation. International journal of advances in management and economics, 15, pp. Using the herzberg, mausner, and snydermans motivationhygiene theory aka twofactor theory, this study sought to answer the following central research question.
Solved what are the content motivation theories what. Difference between maslow and herzberg theory of motivation. Alderfers erg theory achievement motivation theory of mcclelland goal setting theory. The impact of theory x, theory y and theory z on research performance. Maslow 1943, 1954 identified five levels of individual needs divided. How do teachers, who recently resigned from oklahoma city public schools. He explained the role of human behaviour in production and also highlighted the importance of communication between the workers and the management. Definition of motivation motivation is a cardinal and yet complicated function that. There could be a switch in focus from intrinsic to extrinsic motivation. The role of basic need gratification in psychological theory 59 6.
It is also known as motivationhygiene theory or motivationmaintenance theory. A comparative study on motivation theory with maslow s hierarchy theory and two factor theory in organization. Would be appropriate for any exam board specs with maslow, mayo and herzberg. This theory says that if certain factors are present, they can prevent dissatisfaction among employees. Examples are reasonable salary and benefits, or good and safe working environment. Similarities of maslow and herzberg theory of motivation. Of the many theories of work motivation, herzbergs 1966 motivatorhygiene theory has been one of the most influential in recent decades. Application of herzberg theory in the emerging market the example of macedonia. Pdf a comparative study on motivation theory with maslow. Pdf comparing and contrasting abraham maslows hierarchy of. Similarities and dissimilarities between maslows theory and herzbergs theory of motivation.
The twofactor theory also known as herzbergs motivationhygiene theory states that there are. The effects of motivation on achievement and satisfaction. Human relations theory elton mayo elton mayo is widely recognized as the father of human relations theory. While maslow and mcclelland and their colleagues focused on the role of individual differences in motivation, herzberg 1966. Maslows hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology proposed by abraham maslow in his. Therefore, to motivate an individual maslow suggests that. The diagonal model of job satisfaction and motivation. Meeting some of the said needs can satisfy an individual, while not being able to achieve it can leave some dissatisfied pdf herzbergs theory of motivation dr. Maslow and herzberg maslow abraham maslow argued that humans are motivated by five essential needs. Maslow organized the needs underlying human motivation in a hierarchy on. Herzbergs motivation hygiene theory how a manager can. Maslow and herzberg theories of motivation slideshare. Worksheets for students to fill in with information about motivation theories from maslow, mayo and herzberg. Unlike maslow s theory, herzberg s motivation hygiene theory claims that job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction result from different causes.
Maslow s hierarchy of needs e steem and herzberg s motivation hygiene theory are more applicable to my experience. Maslows hierarchy of needs, herzbergs motivationhygiene theory, and mcclellands needs for achievement, affiliation, and power, to name a few lockwood, 2010. This will result in improving organizational performance. Job satisfaction, motivation, and reward systems are included in one area of organizational theory. Motivation theory into practice, measures of motivation, self theories and employee motivation. They include maslow and his theory of hierarchy of needs, herzberg and his twofactor motivation theory, mcclelland with his acquiredneeds theory, vroom and his expectancy theory, alderfer and his erg theory, locke and his goal setting theory, and finally, mcgregor 10,11 with theory x and theory y. Maslows hierarchy of needs consists of five levels of needs to be satisfied. Two factor theory herzberg states that there are two type of factor which influences to motivate the employees. Abstract motivational factors play an important role in increasing employee job satisfaction. Herzberg 1968 suggested that employees motivation at work place is driven by motivators and hygiene factors. A close examination of herzberg s model indicates that for those employees who have achieved a level of social and economic progress in the society, higherlevel needs of maslow s model esteem and selfactualization are the primary motivators.
The twofactor theory also known as herzbergs motivation hygiene theory and. Motivation increases effectiveness beyond the organization by improving the willingness of the employees to work. Herzberg s theory of motivation and maslow s hierarchy of needs. There are many theories of motivation, however maslows hierarchy of needs and herzbergs motivationhygiene theory will be analyzed more in details since they are related with this research. Herzbergs two factor theory, also known as the motivationhygiene theory, was derived from a study designed to test the concept that people have two sets of needs. Motivators or motivation factors encourage employees to work hard and enjoy their jobs. Herzbergs theory of motivation and maslows hierarchy of needs. A case study exploring teacher job satisfaction and. Lesson learning objectivesoutcomes know the effects of motivation on work output and quality. Maslows and herzbergs theory free download as powerpoint presentation. Maslows needs hierarchy theory grouped needs into a hierarchy of five levels. Identify the major factors that influence workplace motivation.
In general, these theories explain motivation as the product of internal drives that encourage an individual to move towards the satisfaction of individual needs. His research showed that certain factors were the true motivators or satisfiers. So the need for basic needs, safety and security, and for a sense of belonging, because those thematic areas of motivation actually read across to hertzbergs hygiene factors. The needs of individuals at a higher level of hierarchy of maslow have been referred as motivators by herzberg. Where to find herzberg theory of motivation questionaire. Another popular content perspective on motivation is the twofactor theory developed by fredrick herzberg. As individuals satisfy one level of need, their motivations change as they aspire to reach the higher order needs. The psychologist frederick irving herzberg 19232000 extended the work of maslow and proposed a new motivation theory popularly known as herzbergs motivation hygiene twofactor theory. Eric clearinghouse on assessment and evaluation washington dc. There is a great similarity between maslow s and herzberg s models of motivation.
Maslows hierarchy of needs, mcclellands learned needs theory, alderfers erg theory and herzbergs motivationhygiene theory. Download thi5 books into available format unlimited. A comparison was made using posttest scores and student satisfaction with both instructional models, while considering the level of student academic motivation and preknowledge amongst. This lesson resource covers motivation and deals with the other theories taylor, mcgregor, herzberg with the following learning objectives and been designed for gcse business studies. You can draw a broad comparison with maslows hierarchy of needs levels 1, 2, 3.
I suppose it is tempting, if the only tool you have is a hammer, to treat everything as if it were a nail. Herzberg conducted a widely reported motivational study on 200 accountants and engineers employed by firms in and around western pennsylvania. Pdf a comparative study on motivation theory with maslows. Theories of motivation boundless business lumen learning. Frederick herzberg the hygiene motivation theory thinker 001. The twofactor theory of motivation a number of research efforts have been undertaken to replicate the twofactor theory they tend to support herzbergs findings george hines surveyed of 218 middle managers and 196 salaried employees in new zealand using ratings of 12 job factors and overall job satisfaction he concluded the. Herzbergs theory frederick herzbergs motivationhygiene theory on job satisfaction is considered to be one of the most revolutionary research in this arena.
Maslows theory suggests that the most basic level of needs must be met. The impact of herzbergs two factor theory and efficiency. Herzbergs motivation hygiene theory applied to high. Theory desi 1971 has suggested that is situations in which individuals are experiencing a high level of intrinsic motivation, the addition of extrinsic rewards for good performance may decrease intrinsic motivation. Pdf a case study of motivation theories application. The basic idea behind goal setting theory is that humans translate motivational forces into observable behavior through the process of setting and pursuing goals.
Among various behavioral theories long generally believed. The strongest influence in this area is motivation because it overlaps into both of the other two components. High productivity is a long term benefits of employee motivation. Hi all, im conducting research on viability of using herzberg theory of motivation in company x. Applications and criticisms avneet kaur jesus and mary college, university of delhi. Motivation, maslows hierarch of needs, vrooms expectancy theory, herzbergs. Maslows and herzbergs theory motivation selfimprovement. On a comparison, one can see that the maintenance or hygiene factors are roughly equivalent to maslow s lower level needs and the motivators are roughly equivalent to maslow s higher level needs. The study aims to find the relationship between the employees motivation and productivity of the organization, using the relevant questionnaire to measure these variables. Ed421486 19970700 herzbergs theory of motivation and. In contrast to the maslow, herzberg gave twofactor.
Herzbergs motivationhygiene two factor theory, 3 mcgregors x y theories, and 4 mcclel lands need for achievement theory. Maslow maslows theory relates motivation to a hierarchy of needs. There is a great similarity between maslow and herzberg models as both stresses on different needs of individuals. Drivereduction theory when the instinct theory of motivation failed to explain most human motivation, it was replaced by the drivereduction theory. A physiological need creates an aroused tension state a drive that motivates an organism to satisfy the need hull, 1951. Eric ed316767 motivation theories of maslow, herzberg. Pdf application of herzberg theory in the emerging.
Motivation theories worksheets maslow, mayo, herzberg. Ive searched so many sites for questionnaires based on this theory but i. Difference between maslow and herzberg theory of motivation is that, maslow s theory is concerned about different levels of needs which affect the motivation levels of the employees. Motivating employees in academic libraries in tough times. According to herzbergs theory, only challenging jobs that have the opportunities for achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement and growth will motivate personnel. These theories can be categorized into those that describe the process of motivation and. Comparing and contrasting maslows theory and herzbergs theory there are. As per maslows needs hierarchy theory the lowest needs are primarily most important, but higher needs become more important as the lower ones are satisfied. This model suggests that as people satisfy needs on.
Content theories hierarchy of needs theory maslow hierarchy of needs theory. Goal setting theory is a framework for understanding the relationships among motivation, behavior, and performance. Herzberg s theory frederick herzbergs motivation hygiene theory on job satisfaction is considered to be one of the most revolutionary research in this arena. All content theories assume that all employees in an organisation have the same set of needs. Herzberg s two factor theory is concerned about the relationship between the employee satisfaction and motivation levels. Motivational theory in practice at tesco case study. With the help of pyramid, he tried to explain those needs. According to the maslow, there are five essential needs which motivate the employee.
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